For other uses, see Islamic republic (disambiguation).
Part of a series on Islamism
Fundamentals
Islam
History
Culture
Economics
Politics
Secularism
Ideologies
Islamism
Qutbism
Khomeinism
Salafi movement
International propagation
by country/region
Shia Islamism
Islamic fundamentalism
Concepts
Apostasy in Islam
Takfir
Caliphate
Islamic democracy
Islamic socialism
Islamic state
Islamic monarchy
Islamic republic
Islamization (of knowledge)
Jihad
Islamic terrorism
Jihadism
Pan-Islamism
Political Islam
aspects
Post-Islamism
Sharia
Shura
Two-nation theory
Ummah
Influences
Anti-communism
Anti-imperialism
Anti-Zionism
Islamic Golden Age
Islamic revival
Movements
Scholastic
Barelvi
Dawat-e-Islami
Ahl-i Hadith
Deobandi
Madkhalism
Nurcu
Sahwa movement
Wahhabism
International propagation
by country/region
Political
Hizb ut-Tahrir
Iranian Revolution
Jamaat-e-Islami
Millî Görüş
Muslim Brotherhood
Tehreek-e-Labbaik Pakistan
List of Islamic political parties
Militant
Militant Islamism based in
MENA region
South Asia
Southeast Asia
Sub-Saharan Africa
Key texts
The Caliphate or the Grand Imamate (Rashīd Rīďha 1922)
Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam (Iqbal 1930s)
Principles of State and Government (Asad 1961)
Ma'alim fi al-Tariq ("Milestones") (Qutb 1965)
Islamic Government: Governance of the Jurist ("Velayat-e faqih") (Khomeini 1970)
Heads of state
Ali Khamenei
Omar al-Bashir
Muammar Gaddafi
Recep Tayyip Erdoğan
Ruhollah Khomeini
Mohamed Morsi
Zia ul-Haq
Ziaur Rahman
Alija Izetbegović
Mohammed Omar
House of Saud
House of Thani
Hibatullah Akhundzada
Key ideologues
Muhammad Abduh
Jamāl al-Dīn al-Afghānī
Qazi Hussain Ahmad
Muhammad Nasiruddin al-Albani
Muhammad Asad
Hassan al-Banna
Rached Ghannouchi
Safwat Hegazi
Muhammad Iqbal
Ali Khamenei
Ruhollah Khomeini
Necip Fazıl Kısakürek
Abul A'la Maududi
Abul Hasan Nadwi
Taqi al-Din al-Nabhani
Yusuf al-Qaradawi
Sayyid Qutb
Tariq Ramadan
Ata Abu Rashta
Rashid Rida
Navvab Safavi
Ali Shariati
Haji Shariatullah
Hassan Al-Turabi
Ahmed Yassin
Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab
Criticism of Islamism
Criticism of Islamism
Criticism of Islam
Liberal and reform movements within Islam
in Europe
in North America
Khaled Abu al-Fadl
Farag Foda
Abdelwahab Meddeb
Maryam Namazie
Maajid Nawaaz
Olivier Roy
Bassam Tibi
Related topics
Islam and modernity
Modernism
Islam and other religions
Islamophobia
Islam portal
Politics portal
v
t
e
Part of the Politics series
Republicanism
Concepts
Anti-monarchism
Democracy
Democratization
Liberty as non-domination
Popular sovereignty
Republic
Res publica
Social contract
Schools
Classical
Modern
Federal
Kemalism
Nasserism
Neo-republicanism
Venizelism
Types
Autonomous
Capitalist
Christian
Democratic
Federal
Federal parliamentary
Islamic
Parliamentary
People's
Revolutionary
Secular
Sister
Soviet
Philosophers
Arendt
Cicero
Harrington
Jefferson
Locke
Machiavelli
Madison
Mazzini
Montesquieu
Pettit
Polybius
Rousseau
Sandel
Sidney
Tocqueville
Wollstonecraft
History
Roman Republic
Gaṇasaṅgha
Classical Athens
Republic of Venice
Republic of Genoa
Republic of Florence
Dutch Republic
American Revolution
French Revolution
Spanish American wars of independence
Trienio Liberal
French Revolution of 1848
5 October 1910 revolution
Chinese Revolution
Russian Revolution
German Revolution of 1918–1919
Turkish War of Independence
Mongolian Revolution of 1921
11 September 1922 Revolution
1935 Greek coup d'état attempt
Spanish Civil War
1946 Italian institutional referendum
1952 Egyptian revolution
14 July Revolution
North Yemen Civil War
Zanzibar Revolution
1969 Libyan coup d'état
1970 Cambodian coup d'état
Metapolitefsi
Iranian Revolution
1987 Fijian coups d'état
Nepalese Civil War
Barbadian Republic Proclamation
National variants
Antigua and Barbuda
Australia
Bahamas
Barbados
Canada
Ireland
Jamaica
Japan
Morocco
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Spain
Sweden
United Kingdom
Scotland
Wales
United States
Related topics
Communitarianism
Criticism of monarchy
Egalitarianism
The Emperor's New Clothes
Liberalism
Monarchism
Primus inter pares
Politics portal
v
t
e
The term Islamic republic has been used in different ways. Some Muslim religious leaders have used it as the name for a theoretical form of Islamic theocratic government enforcing sharia, or laws compatible with sharia. The term has also been used for a sovereign state taking a
compromise position between a purely Islamic caliphate and a secular, nationalist republic — neither an Islamic monarchy nor secular republic. In other cases it is used merely as a symbol of cultural identity.
There are also a number of states where Islam is the state religion and that are (at least partly) ruled by Islamic laws, but carry only "republic" in their official names, not "Islamic republic" — examples include Iraq, Yemen and Maldives. Other supporters of strict sharia law (such as the Taliban), prefer the title "Islamic emirate", as emirates were common throughout Islamic history and "republic" has a Western origin — coming from the Roman (from Latin res publica 'public affair') indicating that the "supreme power is held by the people and their elected representatives",[1] with no mention of obedience to Allah or sharia law.
Currently, (as of 2022), the name is used in the official title of three states — the Islamic Republics of Iran, Pakistan, and Mauritania. Pakistan first adopted the title under the constitution of 1956. Mauritania adopted it on 28 November 1958. Iran adopted it after the 1979 Iranian Revolution that overthrew the Pahlavi dynasty. Despite having similar names, the countries differ greatly in their governments and laws.
Iran and Mauritania are religious theocratic states.[2] Pakistan adopted the name in 1956 before Islam was yet to be declared the state religion,[3] this happened at the adoption of the 1973 constitution.
Iran officially uses the full title in all governance names referring to the country (e.g. the Islamic Republic of Iran Army or the Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting); as opposed to its equivalents in Pakistan which are called the Pakistan Armed Forces and the Pakistan Broadcasting Corporation. Also unlike the other countries, Iran uses the IRI acronym (Islamic Republic of Iran) as part of official acronyms.
^"Republic | Definition of Republic by Oxford Dictionary on Lexico.com also meaning of Republic". Lexico Dictionaries | English. Archived from the original on 6 June 2020. Retrieved 14 January 2021.
^"Theocracy Countries 2022". World Population Review. Archived from the original on 31 October 2022. Retrieved 5 November 2022.
^Lawrence Ziring (1984). From Islamic Republic to Islamic State in Pakistan. University of California Press.
where Islam is the state religion and that are (at least partly) ruled by Islamic laws, but carry only "republic" in their official names, not "Islamic republic"...
this article correctly. Iran, also known as Persia and officially the IslamicRepublic of Iran (IRI), is a country in West Asia. It is bordered by Iraq to...
The IslamicRepublic of Iran Army (Persian: ارتش جمهوری اسلامی ایران), acronymed AJA (Persian: آجا), simply known as the Iranian Army or the Artesh (Persian:...
The IslamicRepublic of Afghanistan was a presidential republic that ruled Afghanistan from 2004 to 2021. The state was established to replace the Afghan...
IslamicRepublic of Iran Armed Forces, are the combined military forces of Iran, comprising the IslamicRepublic of Iran Army (Artesh), the Islamic Revolutionary...
the Urdu text in this article correctly. Pakistan, officially the IslamicRepublic of Pakistan, is a country in South Asia. It is the fifth-most populous...
(Guardianship of the Islamic Jurist), as expressed in the IslamicRepublic. According to Ayatollah Khomeini, the Guardianship of the Islamic Jurist was not...
The Government of the IslamicRepublic of Iran (Persian: نظام جمهوری اسلامی ایران, romanized: Nezâm-e Jomhuri-ye Eslâmi-ye Irân), known simply as Nezam...
"morality police", was a vice squad/Islamic religious police in the Law Enforcement Force of the IslamicRepublic of Iran, established in 2005 with the...
The IslamicRepublic of Iran Air Force (IRIAF; Persian: نیروی هوایی ارتش جمهوری اسلامی ایران, romanized: Nirvi-ye Hevayi-ye Artesh-e Jimhuri-ye Eslâmi-ye...
of the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan is a plain white flag with the black words of the shahada in the centre. The white stands for "the (Islamic Movement...
romanized: Rayis Jomhur-e Irān) is the head of government of the IslamicRepublic of Iran. The president is the second highest-ranking official of Iran...
IslamicRepublic of Iran Army Day (Persian: روز ارتش جمهوری اسلامی ایران) is a national holiday of Iran, celebrated annually on April 18. The day of the...
The Constitution of the IslamicRepublic of Iran (Persian: قانون اساسی جمهوری اسلامی ایران, Qanun-e Asasi-ye Jomhuri-ye Eslâmi-ye Iran) is the supreme...
A referendum on creating an IslamicRepublic was held in Iran on 30 and 31 March 1979. Ayatollah Khomeini did not allow an open referendum, insisting that...
The state of human rights in the IslamicRepublic of Iran has been regarded as very poor. The United Nations General Assembly and the Human Rights Commission...
The IslamicRepublic News Agency (Persian: خبرگزاری جمهوری اسلامی, Xabargozâri-ye Jomhuri-ye Eslâmi), or IRNA (ایرنا), is the official news agency of the...
The Arab IslamicRepublic (Arabic: الجمهورية العربية الإسلامية al-Jumhûriyya al-Arabiyya al-İslâmiyya) was a proposed unification of Tunisia and Libya...
drive for national unity and Islamic revolution" and "inhibited fractious debate and dispute" in Iran. The IslamicRepublic of Iran experienced difficult...
The IslamicRepublic of Iran Army Ground Forces (Persian: نیروی زمینی ارتش جمهوری اسلامی ایران, Niroo-yē Zəmini-yē Ərtēš-ē Žomhuri-yē Ēslâmi-yē Irân),...
The Islamic Republican Party (IRP; Persian: حزب جمهوری اسلامی, romanized: Ḥezb-e Jomhūrī-e Eslāmī, also translated IslamicRepublic Party) was formed...
Retrieved 12 July 2020. "Sudan ends 30 years of Islamic law by separating religion, state". 6 September 2020. "Islamic world at decisive point in history: Will...
The IslamicRepublic of Iran Navy or Iranian Navy (IRIN; Persian: نیروی دریایی ارتش جمهوری اسلامی ایران, romanized: Niru-yē Dəryâ'i-yē Ərtēš-ē Žomhuri-yē...
The IslamicRepublic of Iran Broadcasting (IRIB; Persian: صدا و سيمای جمهوری اسلامی ايران) formerly called National Iranian Radio and Television until...
allied groups which fight under the banner of the IslamicRepublic of Afghanistan on one side, and the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan (the state controlled...
The Turkic IslamicRepublic of East Turkestan (TIRET) was a breakaway Islamicrepublic centered on the city of Kashgar, located in the far west of China's...
rule and increased adherence to traditional Islam and the country was renamed the Federal IslamicRepublic of the Comoros (République Fédérale Islamique...
This is a list of the presidents of the IslamicRepublic of Iran since the establishment of that office in 1980. The president of Iran is the highest popularly...
of Iran. Iran portal Joint Staff of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps Joint Staff of the IslamicRepublic of Iran Army Rouhi, Mahsa (2013). "Iran"...
Global Information
Politics portal