Aspect of Islamic theology concerning the end times and afterlife
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Islamic eschatology (Arabic: عِلْم آخر الزمان في الإسلام, ‘ilm ākhir az-zamān fī al-islām) is a field of study in Islam concerning future events that would happen in the end times. It is primarily based on sources from the Quran and Sunnah. Aspects from this field of study include the signs of the final age, the destruction of the universe and Judgement Day.[1][2][3]
Part of a series on
Eschatology
Buddhist
Maitreya
Three Ages
Christian
— Biblical texts —
Book of Revelation
Book of Daniel
Olivet Discourse
Sheep and Goats
— Major figures —
Jesus
Two witnesses
Four Horsemen
Antichrist
— Different views —
Preterism
Idealism
Historicism
Futurism
— Millennialism —
Premillennialism
Amillennialism
Postmillennialism
— Other events —
Events of Revelation (Apocalypse)
Rapture
Armageddon
Seven Seals
Second Coming
Hindu
Kalki
Kali Yuga
Shiva
Islamic
— Figures —
Beast of the Earth
Dhul-Qarnayn
Dhul-Suwayqatayn
Isa
Israfil
Mahdi
Dajjal
Muhammad
Al-Qa'im
Sufyani
Yajuj and Majuj
— Events —
Swallowing in Bayda
Coming of the Mahdi
Return of Isa
Resurrection
Jewish
— Biblical texts —
Book of Isaiah
Book of Ezekiel
Book of Zechariah
Book of Daniel
— Other sources —
Rabbinic literature (Mishnah, Talmud, Midrash)
Medieval Jewish scholars
Kabbalah
— Figures —
Elijah the Prophet, Messiah (Mashiach Ben David, Mashiach Ben Yosef), Gog and Magog, Armilus
— Events and terms —
Atchalta De'Geulah, Kibbutz Galuyot, Third Temple, War of Gog and Magog, Resurrection of the dead, Olam Haba
Norse
— Figures and items —
Bound monster
Gjallarhorn
Líf and Lífþrasir
Naglfar
— Events —
Fimbulwinter
Ragnarök
Vígríðr
Taoist
Li Hong
Divine Incantations Scripture
Zoroastrian
Frashokereti
Saoshyant
Inter-religious
2012 phenomenon
Afterlife
Apocalypticism
Fate of the unlearned
Gog and Magog
Last Judgment
Messianism (Messiah / Age)
Millenarianism
Universal resurrection
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The primary characters in apocalyptic Islamic narratives are: the Mahdi ("Guided One"), Isa aka Jesus who descends from heaven in a Second Coming, the Dajjal ("Deceiving Messiah" aka False Messiah, viewed as similar to the Antichrist figure in Christianity), and the Beast. Of these, Jesus and the Dajjal are mentioned in the Quran; while the other figures are solely found in later writings.
The general consensus of the Muslim religious establishment is that the end times will be preceded by a series of signs. However, Islamic texts from the Classical era, Middle Ages, and modern times have differed enormously as what those signs might include. Suggestions have included an era of trials and tribulations, immorality, mighty wars, unnatural phenomena, an invasion by Yajuj and Majuj (Gog and Magog) into Arab lands, and/or the return of justice to the world.[4] Once all the events are completed, the universe shall be destroyed and every human being would be resurrected to be held accountable for their deeds.[5][6]
^Smith, Jane I. (2006). "Eschatology". In McAuliffe, Jane Dammen (ed.). Encyclopaedia of the Qurʾān. Vol. II. Leiden: Brill Publishers. doi:10.1163/1875-3922_q3_EQCOM_00055. ISBN 978-90-04-14743-0.
^Hasson, Isaac (2006). "Last Judgment". In McAuliffe, Jane Dammen (ed.). Encyclopaedia of the Qurʾān. Vol. III. Leiden: Brill Publishers. doi:10.1163/1875-3922_q3_EQCOM_00105. ISBN 978-90-04-14743-0.
^"Eschatology - Oxford Islamic Studies Online". Oxfordislamicstudies.com. 6 May 2008. Archived from the original on 23 April 2014. Retrieved 3 July 2017.
^AbdulGhaffar, Suhaib Hasan. "50 Signs of the Day of Judgment from the Words of Allah and His Messenger - English - Suhaib Hasan AbdulGhaffar". IslamHouse.com. Retrieved 26 August 2022.
^"Judgment Day in Quran". www.al-islam.org. 13 January 2015. Retrieved 26 August 2022.
^tech@whyislam.org. "Belief in Judgement Day". Facts about the Muslims & the Religion of Islam - Toll-free hotline 1-877-WHY-ISLAM. Retrieved 26 August 2022.
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