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The Association of College and Research Libraries defines information literacy as a "set of integrated abilities encompassing the reflective discovery of information, the understanding of how information is produced and valued and the use of information in creating new knowledge and participating ethically in communities of learning".[1][2][3][4] In the United Kingdom, the Chartered Institute of Library and Information Professionals' definition also makes reference to knowing both "when" and "why" information is needed.[5]
The 1989 American Library Association (ALA) Presidential Committee on Information Literacy formally defined information literacy (IL) as attributes of an individual, stating that "to be information literate, a person must be able to recognize when information is needed and have the ability to locate, evaluate and use effectively the needed information".[6][7] In 1990, academic Lori Arp published a paper asking, "Are information literacy instruction and bibliographic instruction the same?"[8] Arp argued that neither term was particularly well defined by theoreticians or practitioners in the field. Further studies were needed to lessen the confusion and continue to articulate the parameters of the question.[8]
The Alexandria Proclamation of 2005 defined the term as a human rights issue: "Information literacy empowers people in all walks of life to seek, evaluate, use and create information effectively to achieve their personal, social, occupational and educational goals. It is a basic human right in a digital world and promotes social inclusion in all nations."[9] The United States National Forum on Information Literacy defined information literacy as "the ability to know when there is a need for information, to be able to identify, locate, evaluate, and effectively use that information for the issue or problem at hand."[10][11]
A number of other efforts have been made to better define the concept and its relationship to other skills and forms of literacy. Other pedagogical outcomes related to information literacy include traditional literacy, computer literacy, research skills and critical thinking skills. Information literacy as a sub-discipline is an emerging topic of interest and counter measure among educators and librarians with the prevalence of misinformation, fake news, and disinformation.
Scholars have argued that in order to maximize people's contributions to a democratic and pluralistic society, educators should be challenging governments and the business sector to support and fund educational initiatives in information literacy.[12]
^"Framework for Information Literacy" (PDF). Association of College & Research Libraries. 2016. p. 8. Retrieved May 1, 2022.
^Information Literacy Defined, alternate definition - In the Library with the Lead Pipe. Retrieved from http://inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe.org/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2009/10/Information-Literacy-Definitions.doc
^Tilvawala, Khushbu; Myers, Michael D.; Andrade, Antonio Díaz (2009). "Information Literacy in Kenya". The Electronic Journal of Information Systems in Developing Countries. 39 (1): 1–11. doi:10.1002/j.1681-4835.2009.tb00275.x. hdl:10292/1067. ISSN 1681-4835. S2CID 167815354.
^Gregory, Lua (2017). "Critical Information Literacy in Practice: A Bibliographic Review Essay of Critical Information Literacy, Critical Library Pedagogy Handbook, and Critical Literacy for Information Professionals". Communications in Information Literacy. 11 (2): 390–403. doi:10.15760/comminfolit.2017.11.2.10. ISSN 1933-5954.
^Chartered Institute of Library and Information Professionals (2004), quoted in Open University, Succeeding in Postgraduate Study: 1 Digital and information literacy, accessed 20 March 2023
^American Library Association, 1989
^Stern, Caroline; Kaur, Trishanjit (2010-06-01). "Developing theory-based, practical information literacy training for adults". International Information & Library Review. 42 (2): 69–74. doi:10.1080/10572317.2010.10762847. ISSN 1057-2317. S2CID 204328564.
^ abArp, Lori (1990). "Information literacy or bibliographic instruction: semantics or philosophy". RQ. 30 (1). Gale A9005442.
^Alexandria Proclamation on Information Literacy and Lifelong Learning, 2005. Information literacy. United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. Retrieved from http://www.unesco.org/new/en/communication-and-information/access-to-knowledge/information-literacy
^"What is the NFIL?". National Forum on Information Literacy. Archived from the original on 2012-01-16. Retrieved October 25, 2012.
^"Presidential Committee on Information Literacy: Final Report". January 10, 1989. Archived from the original on 2012-11-13. Retrieved Oct 25, 2012.
^McTavish, Marianne (April 2009). "'I get my facts from the Internet': A case study of the teaching and learning of information literacy in in-school and out-of-school contexts". Journal of Early Childhood Literacy. 9 (1): 3–28. doi:10.1177/1468798408101104. S2CID 145479698.
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Global Information
