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House of Commons of the United Kingdom information


The Honourable the Commons of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland in Parliament assembled
58th UK Parliament
Logo used to represent the House of Commons
Flag of the House of Commons
Flag of the House of Commons
Type
Type
Lower house
of the Parliament of the United Kingdom
Leadership
Speaker
Sir Lindsay Hoyle
since 4 November 2019
Deputy Speaker
Dame Eleanor Laing, Conservative
since 8 January 2020
Prime Minister
Rishi Sunak, Conservative
since 25 October 2022
Leader of the House
Penny Mordaunt, Conservative
since 6 September 2022
Government Chief Whip
Simon Hart, Conservative
since 25 October 2022
Leader of the Opposition
Sir Keir Starmer, Labour
since 4 April 2020
Shadow Leader of the House
Lucy Powell, Labour
since 4 September 2023
Opposition Chief Whip
Sir Alan Campbell, Labour
since 9 May 2021
Structure
Seats650
Political groups
HM Government
  •   Conservative Party (348)
HM Most Loyal Opposition
  •   Labour Party (200)[a]
Other opposition
  •   Scottish National Party (43)
  •   Liberal Democrats (15)
  •   Democratic Unionist Party (8)
  •   Plaid Cymru (3)
  •   Alba Party (2)
  •   SDLP (2)
  •   Alliance Party (1)
  •   Green Party (1)
  •   Reform UK (1)
  •   Workers Party (1)
  •   Independents (16)[b]
Abstentionists
  •   Sinn Féin (7)
Presiding officer
  •   Speaker (1)
Vacant seats
  •   Vacant (1)
Length of term
Up to five years[c]
Elections
Voting system
First-past-the-post
Last election
12 December 2019
Next election
No later than 28 January 2025
RedistrictingRecommendations by the boundary commissions; confirmation by King-in-Council.
Meeting place
House of Commons chamber
Palace of Westminster
City of Westminster
London, England
United Kingdom
Website
www.parliament.uk/business/commons/ Edit this at Wikidata

The House of Commons[d] is the lower house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. Like the upper house, the House of Lords, it meets in the Palace of Westminster in London, England. The House of Commons is an elected body consisting of 650 members known as members of Parliament (MPs). MPs are elected to represent constituencies by the first-past-the-post system and hold their seats until Parliament is dissolved.

The House of Commons of England began to evolve in the 13th and 14th centuries. In 1707 it became the House of Commons of Great Britain after the political union with Scotland, and from 1801 it also became the House of Commons for Ireland after the political union of Great Britain and Ireland. In 1922, the body became the House of Commons of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland after the independence of the Irish Free State. Under the Parliament Acts 1911 and 1949, the Lords' power to reject legislation was reduced to a delaying power. The government is solely responsible to the House of Commons and the prime minister stays in office only as long as they retain the confidence of a majority of the Commons.


Cite error: There are <ref group=lower-alpha> tags or {{efn}} templates on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=lower-alpha}} template or {{notelist}} template (see the help page).

  1. ^ Forsyth, Christopher (1 January 2011). "The definition of Parliament after Jackson: Can the life of Parliament be extended under the Parliament Acts 1911 and 1949?". International Journal of Constitutional Law. 9 (1). Oxford University Press: 132–143. doi:10.1093/icon/mor019. OCLC 5113464158. S2CID 144226994.
  2. ^ Foreign Affairs Committee; Gapes, Mike (2008). Overseas Territories: Seventh Report of Session 2007–08. Vol. 2. London: The Stationery Office. p. 280. ISBN 978-0-215-52150-7. OCLC 940357336.

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