Caribbean island shared by the Dominican Republic and Haiti
"Isla Española" and "San Domingo" redirect here. For the Galápagos island, see Española Island. For other uses, see San Domingo (disambiguation).
Hispaniola
La Española(Spanish) Hispaniola(French) Ispayola(Haitian Creole) Quisqueya, Ayití(Taino)
View from the ISS, 2011
Geography
Location
Caribbean Sea
Coordinates
19°N71°W / 19°N 71°W / 19; -71
Archipelago
Greater Antilles
Major islands
Gonâve
Saona
Navassa
Beata
Île-à-Vache
Catalina
Tortuga
Alto Velo
Area
76,192 km2 (29,418 sq mi)
Area rank
22nd
Coastline
3,059 km (1900.8 mi)
Highest elevation
3,175 m (10417 ft)[1]
Highest point
Pico Duarte
Administration
Dominican Republic
Capital and largest city
Santo Domingo (pop. 2,201,941)
Area covered
48,445 km2 (18,705 sq mi; 63.6%)
Haiti
Capital and largest city
Port-au-Prince (pop. 1,234,742)
Area covered
27,747 km2 (10,713 sq mi; 36.4%)
Demographics
Population
22,278,000[2] (2020) (both countries combined)
Pop. density
280.8/km2 (727.3/sq mi)
Hispaniola (/ˌhɪspənˈjoʊlə/,[3][4][5] also UK: /-pænˈ-/)[6][7][8][9] is an island in the Caribbean that is part of the Greater Antilles. Hispaniola is the most populous island in the West Indies, and the region's second largest in area, after the island of Cuba. The 76,192-square-kilometre (29,418 sq mi) island is divided into two separate nations: the Spanish-speaking Dominican Republic (48,445 km2, 18,705 sq mi) to the east and the French/Haitian Creole-speaking Haiti (27,750 km2, 10,710 sq mi) to the west. The only other divided island in the Caribbean is Saint Martin, which is shared between France (Saint Martin) and the Netherlands (Sint Maarten).
Hispaniola is the site of one of the first European forts in the Americas, La Navidad (1492–1493), as well as the first settlement and proper town, La Isabela (1493–1500), and the first permanent settlement, the current capital of the Dominican Republic, Santo Domingo (est. 1498). These settlements were founded successively during each of Christopher Columbus's first three voyages.[10][11][12][13]
The Spanish Empire controlled the entire island of Hispaniola from the 1490s until the 17th century, when French pirates began establishing bases on the western side of the island. The official name was La Española, meaning "The Spanish (Island)". It was also called Santo Domingo, after Saint Dominic.
^"The World Factbook — Central Intelligence Agency". cia.gov. Archived from the original on June 13, 2007.
^Haiti & The Dominican Republic IMF population estimates.
^"Hispaniola". The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language (5th ed.). HarperCollins. Retrieved July 22, 2019.
^"Hispaniola". Collins English Dictionary. HarperCollins. Retrieved July 22, 2019.
^"Hispaniola". Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary. Retrieved July 22, 2019.
^"Hispaniola". Lexico UK English Dictionary. Oxford University Press. Archived from the original on December 2, 2020.
^Spanish: La Española; translation: That That Is Spanish; Latin and French: Hispaniola; Haitian Creole: Ispayola; Taino: Ayiti or Quisqueya)
^Anglería, Pedro Mártir de (1949). Décadas del Nuevo Mundo, Tercera Década, Libro VII (in Spanish). Buenos Aires: Editorial Bajel.
^Las Casas, Fray Bartolomé de (1966). Apologética Histórica Sumaria (in Spanish). Mexico: UNAM.
^"Embassy of the Dominican Republic, in the United States". Archived from the original on May 24, 2007. Retrieved February 27, 2009.
^"Haiti". Central Intelligence Agency. October 6, 2021 – via CIA.gov.
^Davies, Arthur (1953). "The Loss of the Santa Maria Christmas Day, 1492". The American Historical Review: 854–865. doi:10.1086/ahr/58.4.854.
^Maclean, Frances (January 2008). "The Lost Fort of Columbus". Smithsonian Magazine. Retrieved January 24, 2008.
Hispaniola (/ˌhɪspənˈjoʊlə/, also UK: /-pænˈ-/) is an island in the Caribbean that is part of the Greater Antilles. Hispaniola is the most populous island...
The Dominican Republic is a country on the island of Hispaniola in the Greater Antilles archipelago of the Caribbean Sea, bordered by the Atlantic Ocean...
magazine Young Folks, under the title Treasure Island or the Mutiny of the Hispaniola, credited to the pseudonym "Captain George North". It was first published...
The chiefdoms of Hispaniola (cacicazgo in Spanish) were the primary political units employed by the Taíno inhabitants of Hispaniola (Taíno: Ayiti, Quisqueya...
Hispaniola expedition may refer to: Hispaniola expedition of 1655, during the Anglo-Spanish War (1654–1660) Hispaniola expedition of 1809, during the Napoleonic...
grouping of the larger islands in the Caribbean Sea, including Cuba, Hispaniola, Puerto Rico, Jamaica, Navassa Island, and the Cayman Islands. Six island...
The North Hispaniola Fault, North Hispaniola Thrust or North Hispaniola Deformed Belt is an active major thrust zone developed to the north of the island...
Hispaniola Airways was an airline from the Dominican Republic, that operated flights to Europe and the United States out of its base at Puerto Plata Airport...
Music of Hispaniola may refer to: Music of Haiti Music of the Dominican Republic This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Music...
Hispaniola is an island in the Caribbean, with the second largest size throughout all of the Caribbean. Throughout the centuries, since reliable records...
Nicrophorus hispaniola is a burying beetle described by Sikes and Peck in 2000. It is endemic to the southwestern mountainous Dominican Republic on the...
Haiti, officially the Republic of Haiti, is a country on the island of Hispaniola in the Caribbean Sea, east of Cuba and Jamaica, and south of The Bahamas...
inhabitants as Guanahani. He then visited the islands now known as Cuba and Hispaniola, establishing a colony in what is now Haiti. Columbus returned to Castile...
Lophocampa hispaniola is a moth of the family Erebidae. It was described by Vincent in 2009. It is found in the Dominican Republic. Savela, Markku. "Lophocampa...
Ortoiroid. The earliest archaeological evidence of human settlement in Hispaniola dates to about 3600 BC, but the reliability of these finds is questioned...
twenty-two years, from February 9, 1822, to February 27, 1844. The part of Hispaniola under Spanish administration was first ceded to France and merged with...
exile would also be redirected to be exiled in Hispaniola. These new colonists were sent directly to Hispaniola in three ships with supplies, while Columbus...
This article lists the viceroys who ruled the Viceroyalty of New Spain from 1535 to 1821 in the name of the monarch of Spain. In addition to viceroys,...
in 2017. The natives living on the island that would come to be called Hispaniola welcomed Christopher Columbus and his crew when they landed on the island...
government officially called off the search for survivors. The island of Hispaniola, shared by Haiti and the Dominican Republic, is seismically active and...
The Hispaniola monkey (Antillothrix bernensis) is an extinct primate that was endemic on the island of Hispaniola, in the present-day Dominican Republic...
Anolis peynadoi, the western Hispaniola green anole, northern Hispaniolan green anole, or Hispaniolan green anole, is a species of lizard in the family...
The Hispaniola racer or Hispaniolan brown racer (Haitiophis anomalus) is a snake that is endemic to the Caribbean island of Hispaniola (split between the...
Global Information
Dominican Republic
Haiti