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Havana
La Habana | |
|---|---|
Capital city and province | |
| Municipio de La Habana | |
     From the top to the left: Castillo del Morro; Barrio chino; Malecón; Palacio de la Revolución; and Línea Street | |
 Flag  Coat of arms | |
| Nickname: City of Columns[1] | |
  Havana Location in Cuba  Havana Havana (Caribbean)  Havana Havana (Gulf of Mexico) | |
| Coordinates: 23°08′12″N 82°21′32″W / 23.13667°N 82.35889°W | |
| Country | Cuba |
| Metro Zone | Greater Havana |
| Established | November 16, 1519 (current place) |
| Municipalities | 15 |
| Government | |
| • Body | Gobierno Provincial de La Habana |
| • Governor | Reynaldo García Zapata (PCC) |
| Area | |
| • Total | 728.26 km2 (281.18 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 59 m (195 ft) |
| Population | |
| • Total | 2,130,872 [2] |
| • Rank | 7th in North America 1st in Cuba |
| • Density | 2,926/km2 (7,580/sq mi) |
| Demonym | Habaneros-habaneras |
| GDP (PPP, constant 2015 values) | |
| • Year | 2023 |
| • Total | $41.1 billion[3] |
| • Per capita | $19,100 |
| Time zone | UTC−5 (UTC−05:00) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC−4 (UTC−04:00) |
| Postal code | 10xxx–19xxx |
| Area code | (+53) 07 |
| ISO 3166 code | CU-03 |
| Patron saint | San Cristóbal |
| HDI (2019) | 0.834[4] – very high |
| Website | www |
UNESCO World Heritage Site | |
| Official name | Old Havana and its Fortification System |
| Type | Cultural |
| Criteria | iv, v |
| Designated | 1982 (6th session) |
| Reference no. | 204 |
| Region | Latin America and the Caribbean |
Havana (/həˈvænə/; Spanish: La Habana [la aˈβana] ⓘ; Lucumi: Ilú Pupu Ilé)[5] is the capital and largest city of Cuba. The heart of the La Habana Province, Havana is the country's main port and commercial center.[6] It is the most populous city, the largest by area, and the second largest metropolitan area in the Caribbean region. The population in 2002 was 2,137,847 inhabitants,[7][6] and its area is 728.26 km2 (281.18 sq mi)[2] for the capital city side and 8,475.57 km2 for the metropolitan zone.[7][8]
Havana was founded by the Spanish in the 16th century. It served as a springboard for the Spanish conquest of the Americas, becoming a stopping point for Spanish galleons returning to Spain. Philip II of Spain granted Havana the title of capital in 1607.[9] Walls and forts were built to protect the city.[10]
The city is the seat of the Cuban government and various ministries, and headquarters of businesses and over 100 diplomatic offices.[11] The governor is Reinaldo García Zapata of the Communist Party of Cuba (PCC).[12][13] In 2009, the city/province had the third-highest income in the country.[14]
Contemporary Havana can essentially be described as three cities in one: Old Havana, Vedado and the newer suburban districts.[15] The city extends mostly westward and southward from the bay, which is entered through a narrow inlet and which divides into three main harbors: Marimelena, Guanabacoa and Antares. The Almendares River traverses the city from south to north, entering the Straits of Florida a few miles west of the bay.[16]
The city attracts over a million tourists annually;[17] (1,176,627 international tourists in 2010,[17] a 20% increase from 2005). Old Havana was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1982.[18] The city is also noted for its history, culture, architecture and monuments.[19] As typical of Cuba, Havana experiences a tropical climate.[20]
- ^ "How Obama's US-Cuba deal could shape Havana's future". Lonely Planet. Archived from the original on January 10, 2015. Retrieved January 10, 2015.
- ^ a b "Demographic Yearbook of Cuba 2021/Anuario Demografico de Cuba 2021 (in Spanish)" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on November 18, 2022. Retrieved August 4, 2022.
- ^ "TelluBase—Cuba Fact Sheet" (PDF). Tellusant. Retrieved January 11, 2024.
- ^ "Subnational Human Development Index". Global Data Lab. Retrieved June 16, 2020.
- ^ Cabrera, Lydia (April 1, 2019). Anagó: vocabulario lucumí: El yoruba que se habla en Cuba (in Spanish). Linkgua. ISBN 978-84-9007-834-1.
- ^ a b Cuba. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
- ^ a b "Población total por color de la piel según provincias y municipios" (PDF). 2012 Official Census. Oficina Nacional de Estadística e Información. Archived from the original (PDF) on November 10, 2013.
- ^ "Largest Cities in the Caribbean".
- ^ "Havana". The Free Dictionary.
capital of Spanish Cuba in 1552
- ^ "Old Havana". www.galenfrysinger.com.
- ^ "Cuba – Embassies and Consulates". Embassypages.com. Archived from the original on October 4, 2018.
- ^ San Miguel, Raúl (January 18, 2020). "Electos el Gobernador y Vicegobernadora en La Habana". Tribuna de La Habana (in Spanish).
- ^ (in Spanish) [1] Archived January 22, 2020, at the Wayback Machine Preside Esteban Lazo toma de posesión de las autoridades de Gobierno en La Habana
- ^ "Workforce and Salary (Section 4.5)" (in Spanish and English). ONE- Oficina Nacional de Estadisticas – Republica de Cuba. Archived from the original on December 16, 2010.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
:2was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ "Anuario Estadistico de Ciudad de La Habana" (in Spanish). ONE – Oficina Nacional de Estadisticas (National Statistics Office). Archived from the original on August 4, 2011. Retrieved November 28, 2011.
- ^ a b "Section 15 (Turismo), article 15.7 (Visitantes por mes)" (in Spanish). ONE- Oficina de Estadisticas de Cuba. Archived from the original on August 4, 2011. Retrieved November 28, 2011.
- ^ "Old Havana and its Fortification System". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. UNESCO.ORG.
- ^ Goodsell, James Nelson (April 11, 2017). "Havana". Encyclopædia Britannica.
- ^ "Havana climate summary". Weatherbase. Retrieved March 23, 2016.