The Three Kingdoms of Korea, with Goguryeo and Buyeo in blue (Kaya is not included in the Three Kingdoms)
The Goguryeo language, or Koguryoan, was the language of the ancient kingdom of Goguryeo (37 BCE – 668 CE), one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea.
Early Chinese histories state that the language was similar to those of Buyeo, Okjeo and Ye. Lee Ki-Moon grouped these four as the Puyŏ languages. The histories also stated that these languages were different from those of the Yilou and Mohe.
All of these languages are unattested except for Goguryeo, for which evidence is limited and controversial.[1]
The most cited evidence is a body of placename glosses in the Samguk sagi.
Most researchers in Korea, assuming that the people of Goguryeo spoke a dialect of Old Korean, have treated these words as Korean, while other scholars have emphasized similarities with Japonic languages.[2]
Lee and Ramsey suggest that the language was intermediate between the two families.[3]
Other authors suggest that these placenames reflect the languages of other peoples in the part of central Korea captured by Goguryeo in the 5th century, rather than Goguryeo itself.
Other evidence is extremely sparse, and is limited to peculiarities in the Chinese language of Goguryeo inscriptions and a very few Goguryeo words glossed in Chinese texts.
Vovin and Unger suggest that it was the original form of Koreanic, which subsequently replaced Japonic languages in the south of the peninsula.[4][5]
Others maintain that it was Tungusic, or that there is insufficient evidence to establish its affiliation.
The Goguryeolanguage, or Koguryoan, was the language of the ancient kingdom of Goguryeo (37 BCE – 668 CE), one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea. Early Chinese...
Goguryeo (37 BC – 668 AD) (Korean: 고구려; Hanja: 高句麗; RR: Goguryeo; Korean pronunciation: [ko̞.ɡu.ɾjʌ̹]; lit.: high castle; Old Korean: Guryeo) also later...
spoken by ethnic Koreans in the former USSR Goguryeolanguage, the language spoken in the kingdom of Goguryeo Koryo (disambiguation) This disambiguation...
defeat of Goguryeo in 244. To the north and east, the Buyeo, Goguryeo and Ye were described as speaking similar languages, with the language of Okjeo only...
The Goguryeo controversies are disputes between China and Korea (North and South) on the history of Goguryeo, an ancient kingdom (37 BC – 668 AD) located...
was the founding monarch of the kingdom of Goguryeo, and was worshipped as a god-king by the people of Goguryeo and Goryeo. Chumo was originally a Buyeo...
King Yuri (38 BC – 18 AD, r. 19 BC – 18 AD) was the second ruler of Goguryeo, the northernmost of the Three Kingdoms of Korea. He was the eldest son of...
between Japanese and Goguryeo are due to earlier Japonic languages that were present in parts of Korea, and that the Goguryeolanguage was closer to Sillan...
and 36 have been used for a tentative reconstruction of the former Goguryeolanguage. There were various motivating factors behind the compilation of the...
the language of Mahan differed from that of Goguryeo to the north and the other Samhan ('Three Han') to the east, Byeonhan and Jinhan, whose languages were...
King Mobon (30–53, r. 48–53) was the fifth king of Goguryeo, the northernmost of the Three Kingdoms of Korea. According to the Samguk Sagi, a 12th-century...
respectively. All three kingdoms shared a similar culture and language. [citation needed] Baekje and Goguryeo shared founding myths which likely originated from...
to Japonic words. Scholars differ on whether they represent the language of Goguryeo or the people that it conquered. Chinese and Korean texts also contain...
BC to 660 AD. It was one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea, together with Goguryeo and Silla. While the three kingdoms were in separate existence, Baekje...
after their defeat of Goguryeo in 244. The report states that the languages of Buyeo and those of its southern neighbours Goguryeo and Ye were similar,...
Goguryeo tombs, officially designated as the Complex of Koguryo Tombs (Korean: 고구려 고분군), are tombs in North Korea. In July 2004, they became the first...
the Buyeo language was similar to those of Goguryeo and Ye, and the language of Okjeo was only slightly different from them. Both Goguryeo and Baekje...
Yeongyang of Goguryeo (died 618) (r. 590–618) was the 26th monarch of Goguryeo, the northernmost of the Three Kingdoms of Korea. He was the eldest son...
r. 18–44) was the third ruler of Goguryeo, the northernmost of the Three Kingdoms of Korea. He led early Goguryeo through a period of massive territorial...
extinct language may be narrowly defined as a language with no native speakers and no descendant languages. Under this definition, a language becomes...
consonants. On the Korean Peninsula and in Manchuria, the Goguryeolanguage was spoken in the Goguryeo, the largest and northernmost of the Three Kingdoms of...
claimed to be successors of Goguryeo, it is possible that the Koreanic words in Khitan were borrowed from the language of Goguryeo. Khitan was written using...
was a Goguryeo Royal Prince as the son of King Daemusin, from Lady Hae. When Hodong, a child of Daemusin of Goguryeo, the third king of Goguryeo went Okjeo...
The Goguryeo numerals are the numerals of the Goguryeolanguage. These numerals seem to be similar to the numerals in Old Japanese, suggesting a possible...
Gwanggaeto the Great (374–413, r. 391–413) was the nineteenth monarch of Goguryeo. His full posthumous name means "Entombed in Gukgangsang, Broad Expander...
different from Goguryeo or Balhae. According to Han, the origins of "Malgal" and "Mulgil" lie in the Goguryeolanguage, and "the Malgal language and customs...
Bojang of Goguryeo (died 682; r. 642–668) was the 28th and last monarch of Goguryeo the northernmost of the Three Kingdoms of Korea. He was placed on...
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