Fujiwara no Sadaie (藤原定家), better-known as Fujiwara no Teika[1] (1162 – September 26, 1241[2]), was a Japanese anthologist, calligrapher, literary critic,[3] novelist,[4] poet, and scribe[5] of the late Heian and early Kamakura periods. His influence was enormous, and he is counted as among the greatest[6] of Japanese poets, and perhaps the greatest master of the waka form – an ancient poetic form consisting of five lines with a total of 31 syllables.
Teika's critical ideas on composing poetry were extremely influential and studied until as late as the Meiji era. A member of a poetic clan, Teika was born to the noted poet Fujiwara no Shunzei. After coming to the attention of the Retired Emperor Go-Toba (1180–1239; r. 1183–1198),[7] Teika began his long and distinguished career, spanning multiple areas of aesthetic endeavor. His relationship with Go-Toba was at first cordial and led to commissions to compile anthologies, but later resulted in his banishment from the retired emperor's court. His descendants and ideas would dominate classical Japanese poetry for centuries afterwards.
^"Sadaie" and "Teika" are both possible readings of 定家; "...there is the further problem, the rendition of the name in romanized form. Teika probably referred to himself as Sadaie, and his father probably called himself Toshinari, but the Sino-Japanese versions of their names were used by their contemporaries, and this practice is still observed." pg 681–692, note 2 of Seeds in the Heart: Japanese Literature from Earliest Times to the Late Sixteenth Century, Donald Keene. 1999, Columbia University Press, ISBN 0-231-11441-9
^Fujiwara Sadaie at the Encyclopædia Britannica
^"The high quality of poetic theory (karon) in this age depends chiefly upon the poetic writings of Fujiwara Shunzei and his son Teika. The other theorists of tanka writing, stimulated by father and son either to agreement or disagreement, contributed also toward the high level of poetic theory, but we may say that Shunzei and Teika were most representative of the age." This quote is sourced to Odagiri Hideo in pg 10 of his "Nihon ni okeru bungei hyōron no seiritsu" (The Rise of Art Criticism in Japan), pub. by Geijutsuron-shū ("Collection of Discussions of Art"), Tokyo 1962; see Shun'ichi H. Takayanagi's review of Japanese Court Poetry by Robert H. Brower and Earl Miner in Monumenta Nipponica, Vol. 18, No. 1/4. (1963), pp. 352–364. [1]
^It is generally believed that Teika wrote the Tale of Matsura
^"During his last years Teika seems to have composed little poetry, but he was otherwise engaged in copying manuscripts, especially of the major works of Heian literature. It is not much of an exaggeration to say that what we know of the literature of Teika's day and earlier is mainly what he thought was worthy of preservation" pg 673–674 of Seeds in the Heart.
^"The single most influential figure in the history of Japanese classical poetry, Fujiwara no Teika (or Sadaie) 1162–1241, was the supreme arbiter of poetry in his day, and for centuries after his death was held in religious veneration by waka and renga poets alike." Robert H. Brower. Monumenta Nipponica, Vol. 40, No. 4. (Winter, 1985), pp. 399–425. [2]).
Charles Murray, in his Human Accomplishment, ranks Teika as the 17th most influential figure in all of Japanese literature based on his analysis of academic research on Japanese literature. "Fujiwara no Teika....is one of the four greatest Japanese poets. The son of Shunzei, Teika lived to an advanced age constantly plagued by both recurring illness and reverses and advances in his family's fortunes. Similarly, his poetry and critical writings also underwent a series of changes in the course of his life, leaving behind the most substantial and intense poetic legacy by a single poet in Japanese history."[3]
"Teika's unique reputation rested in part upon his accomplishment as the leading figure among the many fine poets of the Shinkokin Jidai, the period of fifty-odd years in the late twelfth and early thirteenth centuries when revival and innovation in the native poetry were exemplified in Shin Kokinshū, c. 1204, the eighth, and in many respects the greatest, of the imperially sponsored anthologies of classical verse. As one of the six compilers of the anthology, and with forty-six of his poems included in it, Teika stood at the forefront of the younger and more innovative poets of his day, and his various experiments with diction, rhetoric, and figurative language, as well as with new styles, modes, and aesthetic effects, were widely imitated by his contemporaries. After his death, his quarreling descendants were recognized as the ultimate authorities on all poetic matters, and through them Teika's influence pervaded six hundred years of Japanese poetic history." Extract from "Fujiwara Teika's Maigetsusho" by Robert H. Brower, Monumenta Nipponica, Vol. 40, No. 4. (Winter, 1985), pp. 399–425.
Donald Keene writes, "...is the diary of Fujiwara Teika (1162–1241), a man equally celebrated as poet, critic, and editor." pg 95, Keene 1989
Fujiwarano Sadaie (藤原定家), better-known as FujiwaranoTeika (1162 – September 26, 1241), was a Japanese anthologist, calligrapher, literary critic, novelist...
Hyakunin Isshu. The most famous and standard version was compiled by FujiwaranoTeika (1162–1241) while he lived in the Ogura district of Kyoto. It is therefore...
tropes, signifying a mastery of Japanese poetry. Among Japanese poets, FujiwaranoTeika defined the use of honkadori. His specific interpretation of honkadori...
Shunzei's son, FujiwaranoTeika, succeeded him in prominence as a poet, and was more successful in court politics than his father. Teika is considered...
selected by FujiwaranoTeika Kakinomoto no Hitomaro Ariwara no Narihira Ono no Komachi Izumi Shikibu Murasaki Shikibu Saigyō FujiwaranoTeika Sōgi Matsuo...
poetry including works of Ariwara no Narihira, Ono no Komachi, Izumi Shikibu, Murasaki Shikibu, Saigyō and FujiwaranoTeika. The famous Japanese poem known...
edited by FujiwaranoTeika. Till Meiji it had been read as elementary book for waka poets. FujiwaranoTeika Kashū: an anthology of FujiwaranoTeika works...
China to study. In terms of wayō (和様) style, the works of Fujiwarano Shunzei and FujiwaranoTeika are considered outstanding examples of the late Heian...
Japanese literature, the nekomata first appeared in the Meigetsuki by FujiwaranoTeika in the early Kamakura period: in the beginning of Tenpuku (1233),...
Fujiwarano Tameie (藤原 為家, 1198-1275) was a Japanese poet and compiler of Imperial anthologies of poems. Tameie was the second son of poet Teika and married...
Heian period, the book collector, scholar-scribe, and literary artist FujiwaranoTeika was a leader in preserving and producing quality manuscripts of works...
in the Hyakunin Isshu, which was compiled in the 13th century by FujiwaranoTeika. His death is recorded in the Sanjurokunin kasenden (三十六人歌仙伝) as potentially...
of a style of poetry (one of the ten orthodox styles delineated by FujiwaranoTeika in his treatises). Yūgen suggests that which is beyond what can be...
Imperial anthology of waka poetry,; father of FujiwaranoTeika; son of Fujiwarano Toshitada Fujiwarano Tameie 藤原為家 (1198–1275), the central figure in...
Japanese history, along with FujiwaranoTeika, Sōgi and Bashō. The sole early source for the life of the poet Kakinomoto no Hitomaro is the Man'yōshū....
most detailed record from Japan is in the Meigetsuki, the diary of FujiwaranoTeika (1162–1241), a poet and courtier. There are two other Japanese documents...
attribution has been challenged. One of his waka was included in FujiwaranoTeika's Ogura Hyakunin Isshu: The poem was originally the 420th of the Kokin...
period, are the Aobyōshi-bon [ja] produced by FujiwaranoTeika and the Kawachi-bon [ja] produced by Minamoto no Mitsuyuki and his son Chikayuki (ja). Murasaki's...