A cutaway model of a petrol direct-injected engine
Fuel injection is the introduction of fuel in an internal combustion engine, most commonly automotive engines, by the means of an injector. This article focuses on fuel injection in reciprocating piston and Wankel rotary engines.
All compression-ignition engines (e.g. diesel engines), and many spark-ignition engines (i.e. petrol (gasoline) engines, such as Otto or Wankel), use fuel injection of one kind or another. Mass-produced diesel engines for passenger cars (such as the Mercedes-Benz OM 138) became available in the late 1930s and early 1940s, being the first fuel-injected engines for passenger car use.[1] In passenger car petrol engines, fuel injection was introduced in the early 1950s and gradually gained prevalence until it had largely replaced carburetors by the early 1990s.[2] The primary difference between carburetion and fuel injection is that fuel injection atomizes the fuel through a small nozzle under high pressure, while carburetion relies on suction created by intake air accelerated through a Venturi tube to draw fuel into the airstream.
The term "fuel injection" is vague and comprises various distinct systems with fundamentally different functional principles. Typically, the only thing all fuel injection systems have in common is a lack of carburetion. There are two main functional principles of mixture formation systems for internal combustion engines: internal mixture formation and external mixture formation. A fuel injection system that uses external mixture formation is called a manifold injection system. There exist two types of manifold injection systems: multi-point injection (or port injection) and single-point injection (or throttle body injection). Internal mixture formation systems can be separated into several different varieties of direct and indirect injection, the most common being the common-rail injection system, a variety of direct injection. The term "electronic fuel injection" refers to any fuel injection system controlled by an engine control unit.
^Kremser, H. (1942). Der Aufbau schnellaufender Verbrennungskraftmaschinen für Kraftfahrzeuge und Triebwagen (in German). Vol. 11. Vienna: Springer. p. 125. ISBN 978-3-7091-5016-0.
^Welshans, Terry (August 2013). "A Brief History of Aircraft Carburetors and Fuel Systems". enginehistory.org. US: Aircraft Engine Historical Society. Retrieved 28 June 2016.
Fuelinjection is the introduction of fuel in an internal combustion engine, most commonly automotive engines, by the means of an injector. This article...
gasoline (petrol), where fuel is injected into the combustion chamber. This is distinct from manifold injection systems, which inject fuel into the intake manifold...
complete combustion. The injection timing and measuring of the fuel amount can be controlled either mechanically (by a fuel distributor), or electronically...
Programmed FuelInjection, or PGMFI/PGM-FI, is the name given by Honda to a proprietary digital electronic multi-point injection system for internal combustion...
non-direct-injection gasoline engines since unburned fuel is not present during valve overlap and therefore no fuel goes directly from the intake/injection to...
Indirect injection in an internal combustion engine is fuelinjection where fuel is not directly injected into the combustion chamber. Gasoline engines...
port fuelinjection and direct fuelinjection. The engine will be available with cylinder deactivation technology, implemented by stopping fuel delivery...
injected engines use either electric fuel pumps mounted inside the fuel tank (for lower pressure manifold injection systems) or high-pressure mechanical...
An Injection Pump is the device that pumps fuel into the cylinders of a diesel engine. Traditionally, the injection pump was driven indirectly from the...
jacketed fuelinjection pipe (also known as double walled, twin walled or sheathed fuelinjection pipe) is a special type of fuelinjection pipe fitted...
Fuelinjection in NASCAR was introduced in 2012, having previously been announced for 2011, which was the last season to see the premier NASCAR series...
used fuelinjection instead of carburetors, as the compression-based combustion of diesel requires the greater precision and pressure of fuel-injection. The...
made 368 kW (500 hp) of power. The start of direct fuelinjection was a key part in decreasing fuel consumption figures of the Cayenne models in the New...
multi-port fuelinjection, some have D4 direct injection, and others have a combination of direct injection and multi-port fuelinjection or D4-S. The...
at low engine RPM, and achieved significantly better fuel mileage. Due to the direct fuelinjection, the 6BT has no glowplugs. The 4.5L ISB is essentially...
adoption of central fuelinjection and a catalytic converter. The introduction of Euro III led to the adoption of multi point injection, but power remained...
which fuel ignition takes place without a spark as a result of compression of the inlet air and then injection of fuel. Therefore, diesel fuel needs good...
overhead camshaft, four valves-per-cylinder, and common-rail direct fuelinjection. This engine was designed in 1998 with the related 4-cylinder variant...
aspiration natural and turbocharged fuel system multi-point electronic indirect fuelinjection with three intake manifold-sited fuel injectors DIN-rated motive...
aluminium manifold, and fuelinjection system, C16XE uses Multec fuelinjection with MAF sensor and later models used Multec fuelinjection with MAP sensor....
housing. Another engine revision in 2022 added port fuelinjection to complement the existing direct injection system for better emissions and functionality...
and market, the G10 could come with either a carburetor or electronic fuelinjection, and was also offered as the G10T featuring an IHI RHB31/32 turbocharger...
throttle-body fuelinjection and roller tappets. For the 1992 Magnum update, the throttle-body fuelinjection was upgraded to a multi-port fuelinjection system...
United States. Earlier versions of this engine also used a single port fuelinjection system Honda called PGM-CARB, signifying the carburetor was computer...
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