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Final offensive of 1989 information


Final offensive of 1989
Part of the Salvadoran Civil War

Rebels on the march during the 1989 offensive
Date11 November – 12 December 1989
Location
El Salvador
Result Government military victory
FMLN political victory
Belligerents
El Salvador Salvadoran government
Supported by:
Final offensive of 1989 United States
Final offensive of 1989 Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front
Supported by:
Final offensive of 1989 Cuba
Final offensive of 1989 Nicaragua
Commanders and leaders
El Salvador Alfredo Cristiani
El Salvador René Emilio Ponce
Final offensive of 1989 Schafik Hándal
Final offensive of 1989 Salvador Sánchez Cerén
Final offensive of 1989 Joaquín Villalobos
Strength
Unknown 2,000–3,000
Casualties and losses
446 killed
1,228 wounded
1,902 killed
1,109 wounded
64+ civilians killed

The final offensive of 1989 (Spanish: ofensiva final de 1989), also known as the ofensiva hasta el tope ("to-the-top offensive"), was the major engagement of the Salvadoran Civil War. The battle, fought between the Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front (Spanish: Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional, FMLN) Marxist guerrilla and the Salvadoran government, lasted from 11 November to early December 1989.[1] Sometimes referred to as "Ofensiva fuera los fascistas. Febe Elizabeth vive", ("Offensive to drive out the fascists. Febe Elizabeth lives".) in honor of an assassinated union leader, it was the most brutal confrontation in the entire conflict, amounting for seventeen percent of the total casualties in ten years of warfare.[2]

The extent and consequences of the offensive determined the course the civil war would take in the following two years. The confrontation resulted in casualties for both armies, as well as many civilians. As a consequence, there was an increased pressure to end the war as it had been shown that neither party could achieve total victory and the losses were too large.[1]

  1. ^ a b Raúl Méndez (2015). "Ofensiva Final “Hasta el Tope” 1989, cambió la realidad salvadoreña".
  2. ^ La Prensa Gráfica (1992). El Conflicto en El Salvador. San Salvador: Dutriz Hermanos, S.A. de C.V.

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