Global InformationDemographics of Istanbul information
| Demographics of Istanbul | |
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 Population pyramid of Istanbul in 2022 | |
| Population | 15,519,267 (2019) |
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| Sources:[1] Pre-Republic figures estimated[a] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Throughout most of its history, Istanbul has ranked among the largest cities in the world. By 500 CE, Constantinople had somewhere between 400,000 and 500,000 people, edging out its predecessor, Rome, for world's largest city.[4] Constantinople jostled with other major historical cities, such as Baghdad, Chang'an, Kaifeng and Merv for the position of world's most populous city until the 12th century. It never returned to being the world's largest, but remained Europe's largest city from 1500 to 1750, when it was surpassed by London.[5]
The Turkish Statistical Institute estimates that the population of Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality was 14,377,019 at the end of 2014, hosting 19 percent of the country's population.[6] Then about 97–98% of the inhabitants of the metropolitan municipality were within city limits, up from 89% in 2007[7] and 61% in 1980.[8] 64.9% of the residents live on the European side and 35.1% on the Asian side.[9] While the city ranks as the world's 5th-largest city proper, it drops to the 24th place as an urban area and to the 18th place as a metro area because the city limits are roughly equivalent to the agglomeration. Today, it forms one of the largest urban agglomerations in Europe, alongside Moscow.[b] The city's annual population growth of 3.45 percent ranks as the highest among the seventy-eight largest metropolises in the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The high population growth mirrors an urbanization trend across the country, as the second and third fastest-growing OECD metropolises are the Turkish cities of İzmir and Ankara.[12]
Istanbul experienced especially rapid growth during the second half of the 20th century, with its population increasing tenfold between 1950 and 2000.[13][14] This growth in population comes, in part, from an expansion of city limits—particularly between 1980 and 1985, when the number of Istanbulites nearly doubled.[15] The remarkable growth was, and still is, largely fueled by migrants from eastern Turkey seeking employment and improved living conditions. The number of residents of Istanbul originating from seven northern and eastern provinces is greater than the populations of their entire respective provinces; Sivas and Kastamonu each account for more than half a million residents of Istanbul.[14] Istanbul's foreign population, by comparison, was very small, 42,228 residents in 2007.[16] Only 28 percent of the city's residents are originally from Istanbul.[17] The most densely populated areas tend to lie to the northwest, west, and southwest of the city center, on the European side; the most densely populated district on the Asian side is Üsküdar.[14] As of 2023, Istanbul has Turkey’s biggest foreign migrant population, with 34.5% of foreign nationals in Turkey living there.[18]
- ^ Jan Lahmeyer 2004 Archived 2018-01-31 at the Wayback Machine,Chandler 1987, Morris 2010,Turan 2010
- ^ Chandler, Tertius; Fox, Gerald (1974). 3000 Years of Urban Growth. London: Academic Press. ISBN 978-0-12-785109-9.
- ^ "Address Based Population Registration System Results of 2010" (doc). Turkish Statistical Institute. 28 January 2011. Retrieved 24 December 2011.
- ^ Morris 2010, p. 113
- ^ Chandler 1987, pp. 463–505
- ^ "The Results of Address Based Population Registration System, 2018". Turkish Statistical Institute. 1 February 2019. Retrieved 1 February 2019.
- ^ "2007 statistics". tuik. Archived from the original on 1 January 2014.
- ^ "1980 Statistics". tuik. Archived from the original on 3 November 2012.
- ^ "Istanbul Asian and European population details" (in Turkish). 2013. Archived from the original on 2 February 2009. Retrieved 16 June 2015.
İstanbul'da 8 milyon 156 bin 696 kişi Avrupa, 4 milyon 416 bin 867 vatandaş da Asya yakasında bulunuyor (In Istanbul there are 8,156,696 people in Europe, 4,416,867 citizens in Asia)
- ^ "Frequently Asked Questions". World Urbanization Prospects, the 2011 Revision. The United Nations. 5 April 2012. Archived from the original on 7 September 2012. Retrieved 20 September 2012.
- ^ "File 11a: The 30 Largest Urban Agglomerations Ranked by Population Size at Each Point in Time, 1950–2035" (xls). World Urbanization Prospects, the 2018 Revision. The United Nations. 5 April 2012. Retrieved 21 August 2018.
- ^ OECD Territorial Reviews: Istanbul, Turkey. The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. March 2008. ISBN 978-92-64-04383-1.
{{cite book}}:|work=ignored (help) - ^ Turan 2010, p. 224
- ^ a b c "Population and Demographic Structure". Istanbul 2010: European Capital of Culture. Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality. 2008. Archived from the original on 29 June 2011. Retrieved 27 March 2012.
- ^ "History of Local Governance in Istanbul". Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality. Retrieved 21 December 2011.
- ^ Kamp, Kristina (17 February 2010). "Starting Up in Turkey: Expats Getting Organized". Today's Zaman. Archived from the original on 9 May 2013. Retrieved 27 March 2012.
- ^ "Social Structure Survey 2006". KONDA Research. 2006. Retrieved 27 March 2012. (Note: Accessing KONDA reports directly from KONDA's own website requires registration.)
- ^ Airport, Turkish Airlines planes are parked at the new Istanbul (24 July 2023). "Russian migration to Turkey spikes by 218% in aftermath of Ukraine war - Al-Monitor: Independent, trusted coverage of the Middle East". www.al-monitor.com.
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