Parliamentary procedure forcing a quick end to a debate
Headline in The Philadelphia Inquirer of 16 November 1919 reporting the first use of cloture by the United States Senate
Cloture (UK: US: /ˈkloʊtʃər/,[1][2] also UK: /ˈkloʊtjʊər/),[3]closure[4] or, informally, a guillotine,[4] is a motion or process in parliamentary procedure aimed at bringing debate to a quick end.
The cloture procedure originated in the French National Assembly, from which the name is taken. Clôture is French for "the act of terminating something".
It was introduced into the Parliament of the United Kingdom by William Ewart Gladstone to overcome the obstructionism of the Irish Parliamentary Party and was made permanent in 1887.
It was subsequently adopted by the United States Senate and other legislatures. The name cloture remains in the United States;[3] in Commonwealth countries it is usually closure[3] or, informally, guillotine; in the United Kingdom closure and guillotine are distinct motions.[5][6]
^cloture in Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English
^"cloture: definition of cloture in Oxford dictionary (American English) (US)". OxfordDictionaries.com. Archived from the original on 25 December 2015. Retrieved 22 February 2016.
^ abc"cloture - definition of cloture in English from the Oxford dictionary". OxfordDictionaries.com. Archived from the original on 1 October 2015. Retrieved 22 February 2016.
^ abBrief Guide No. 14 – Debating legislation under time limits(PDF), Parliament of Australia – Senate, 5 June 2009, retrieved 14 March 2012
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^Cite error: The named reference allocationukparl was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
Cloture (UK: US: /ˈkloʊtʃər/, also UK: /ˈkloʊtjʊər/), closure or, informally, a guillotine, is a motion or process in parliamentary procedure aimed at...
majority, avoiding the two-thirds supermajority normally required to invoke cloture on a measure amending the Standing Rules. The term "nuclear option" is...
they wish.: 716 Only when debate concludes (whether naturally or using cloture) can the measure be put to a vote. Rule XXII of the Standing Rules of the...
hearings held on February 22–23, 2021, and approved 15–7 on March 1, 2021. Cloture invoked 70–29 on March 9, 2021. Confirmed 70–30 on March 10, 2021, and...
proposed amendments. The Senate may end a filibuster by invoking cloture. In most cases, cloture requires the support of three-fifths of the Senate; however...
on the Judiciary. Retrieved February 29, 2024. "On the Cloture Motion (Motion to Invoke Cloture: Ann Marie McIff Allen to be United States District Judge...
November 3, 2021. Retrieved November 3, 2021. Cloture Votes "On the Cloture Motion (Motion to Invoke Cloture: Julie Rikelman to be United States Circuit...
February 2, 2022. Retrieved February 3, 2022. "On the Cloture Motion (Motion to Invoke Cloture: Loren L. AliKhan to be an Associate Judge of the District...
Leader Harry Reid motioned to invoke cloture on Millett's nomination. On October 31, 2013, the motion to invoke cloture was rejected by a 55–38 vote, with...
Harry Reid filed a motion to invoke cloture on the nomination. On June 23, 2014, the United States Senate invoked cloture on her nomination by a 53–31 vote...
to pass the Senate after falling short of the 60 votes needed to invoke cloture. A second attempt to pass it on January 19, 2022, as part of a combined...
the 37 years since 1927 had it agreed to cloture for any measure. The most dramatic moment during the cloture vote came when Senator Clair Engle was wheeled...
cloture required the support threshold of two-thirds of senators present and voting. From 1975 until 2017, the threshold needed to invoke cloture for...
bill, a revised version needed to pass the Senate again, but failed a cloture vote 55–42 on July 27, 2022, after 25 Republicans flipped their votes....
the Senate invoked cloture on her nomination by a 50–47 vote, with Senator Joe Manchin voting against the motion to invoke cloture on her nomination....
June 8, Majority Leader Chuck Schumer filed cloture on her nomination. On June 10, the Senate invoked cloture on her nomination by a 52–46 vote. On June...
Majority Leader Chuck Schumer filed cloture on her nomination. On June 16, 2022, the United States Senate invoked cloture on her nomination by a 52–43 vote...
Lewis Voting Rights Act, on both of which the Senate had failed to invoke cloture. The rules change failed when two Democratic senators, Joe Manchin and...
the Senate invoked cloture on her nomination by a 52–46 vote, with Senator Joe Manchin voting against the motion to invoke cloture on her nomination....
Judiciary". March 12, 2024. Retrieved April 15, 2024. "On the Cloture Motion (Motion to Invoke Cloture: Sunil R. Harjani to be U.S. District Judge for the Northern...
2023, Majority Leader Chuck Schumer filed cloture on his nomination. On May 11, 2023, the Senate invoked cloture on his nomination by a 54–41 vote. On May...
twelve could both forestall the "nuclear option" and enable cloture on nominees. A cloture vote on the nomination of Priscilla Owen was scheduled for Tuesday...
in "meaningful ways". On May 4, 2023, the United States Senate invoked cloture on Shogan’s nomination by a 53–44 vote. On May 10, 2023, Shogan was confirmed...
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