Cold War term used in United States Public Law 86–90
"Captive Nations" is a term that arose in the United States to describe nations under undemocratic regimes. During the Cold War, when the phrase appeared, it referred to nations under Communist administration, primarily Soviet rule.
As a part of the United States' Cold War strategy, an anti-Communist advocacy group, the National Captive Nations Committee, was established in 1959 according to an act of Congress (Pub. L.Tooltip Public Law (United States) 86–90) by President Dwight D. Eisenhower. The American economist and diplomat of Ukrainian heritage Lev Dobriansky played a key role in it.[1] The US branch of the Anti-Bolshevik Bloc of Nations also lobbied in favor of the bill.[2]
The law also established Captive Nations Week, traditionally proclaimed for the third week in July since then. The move aimed at raising public awareness of the problems of nations under the control of Communist and other non-democratic governments.
The original Public Law 86-90 specifically referred to the following as Captive Nations:[3]
Public Law 86-90 which establishes Captive Nations Week
Poland
Hungary
Lithuania
Ukraine
Czechoslovakia
Latvia
Estonia
White Ruthenia (Belarus)
Romania
East Germany
Bulgaria
Mainland China
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Georgia
North Korea
Albania
Idel-Ural
Tibet
Cossackia
Turkestan
North Vietnam
^Edwards, Lee (February 14, 2008), "Remembering 'Mr. Captive Nations' Lev Dobriansky". HumanEvents.com. Archived March 18, 2008, at the Wayback Machine
^Simpson, Christopher (1988). Blowback: America's Recruitment of Nazis and Its Effects on the Cold War. New York: Grove Atlantic. ISBN 1555841066.
^Campbell, John Coert (1965), "American Policy Toward Communist Eastern Europe: the Choices Ahead", p. 116. University of Minnesota Press, ISBN 0-8166-0345-6
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