Use of natural catalysts to perform chemical transformations
This article is about natural catalysts used to perform chemical transformations. For large biological molecule that acts as a catalyst, see Biocatalysts.
Three dimensional structure of an enzyme. Biocatalysis utilizes these biological macromolecules to catalyze small molecule transformations.
Biocatalysis refers to the use of living (biological) systems or their parts to speed up (catalyze) chemical reactions. In biocatalytic processes, natural catalysts, such as enzymes, perform chemical transformations on organic compounds. Both enzymes that have been more or less isolated and enzymes still residing inside living cells are employed for this task.[1][2][3] Modern biotechnology, specifically directed evolution, has made the production of modified or non-natural enzymes possible. This has enabled the development of enzymes that can catalyze novel small molecule transformations that may be difficult or impossible using classical synthetic organic chemistry. Utilizing natural or modified enzymes to perform organic synthesis is termed chemoenzymatic synthesis; the reactions performed by the enzyme are classified as chemoenzymatic reactions.
^Anthonsen, Thorlief (2000). "Reactions Catalyzed by Enzymes". In Adlercreutz, Patrick; Straathof, Adrie J. J. (eds.). Applied Biocatalysis (2nd ed.). Taylor & Francis. pp. 18–59. ISBN 978-9058230249.
^Faber, Kurt (2011). Biotransformations in Organic Chemistry (6th ed.). Springer. ISBN 9783642173936.[page needed]
^Jayasinghe, Leonard Y.; Smallridge, Andrew J.; Trewhella, Maurie A. (1993). "The yeast mediated reduction of ethyl acetoacetate in petroleum ether". Tetrahedron Letters. 34 (24): 3949–3950. doi:10.1016/S0040-4039(00)79272-0.
increase in the application of biocatalysis to produce fine chemicals, especially for the pharmaceutical industry. Since biocatalysis deals with enzymes and microorganisms...
"Enzymatic Synthesis of Amides". In Faber K, Fessner WD, Turner NJ (eds.). Biocatalysis in Organic Synthesis 1. Science of Synthesis. Georg Thieme Verlag. pp...
discovery of catalytic properties of RNA". Visser CM (1984). "Evolution of biocatalysis 1. Possible pre-genetic-code RNA catalysts which are their own replicase"...
Similar mechanistic principles apply to heterogeneous, homogeneous, and biocatalysis. Heterogeneous catalysts act in a different phase than the reactants...
separation by methods such as column chromatography or crystallization. Biocatalysis makes use of biological compounds, ranging from isolated enzymes to living...
Liese A, Filho MV (December 1999). "Production of fine chemicals using biocatalysis". Current Opinion in Biotechnology. 10 (6): 595–603. doi:10.1016/S0958-1669(99)00040-3...
School, the Bill Douglas Cinema Museum, the Henry Wellcome building for Biocatalysis, and, as of September 2018, the Exeter Centre for Circular Economy. Exeter...
JH (2009-12-09). Whittall J, Sutton PW (eds.). Practical Methods for Biocatalysis and Biotransformations. John Wiley & Sons. pp. 236–239. ISBN 978-0-470-74859-6...
ISBN 9780471005285. Sutton, Peter; Whittall, John (2012). Practical Methods for Biocatalysis and Biotransformations 2. Chichester, West Sussex: John Wiley & Sons...
catalysts, and the application of asymmetric induction. The use of enzymes (biocatalysis) may also produce the desired compound. A third strategy is Enantioconvergent...
Society at the International Congress on Biocatalysis for his scientific achievement in the field of biocatalysis. Other research prizes include the Unilever...
ISBN 9783527605767. Jaeger KE, Eggert T (August 2004). "Enantioselective biocatalysis optimized by directed evolution". Current Opinion in Biotechnology. 15...
as Nasdaq: CDXS Russell 2000 Component Industry Protein engineering, biocatalysis, industrial enzymes, fine chemicals Founded 2002; 22 years ago (2002)...
conditions of where a particular process takes place, (Ex: bioprocess design, biocatalysis, bioseparation, bioenergy) Environmental health engineering: application...
esterases and dehalogenases, among others. One of the most prominent uses of biocatalysis in process chemistry today is in the synthesis of Januvia®, a DPP-4 inhibitor...
database Directory of P450-containing Systems University of Minnesota Biocatalysis/Biodegradation Database SPORCalc Drug metabolism Small Molecule Drug...
beverage, and consumer products. Due to advancements in recent years, biocatalysis through isolated enzymes is considered more economical than use of whole...
other activities even though they may be physiologically useless. In biocatalysis, many reactions are sought that are absent in nature. To do this, enzymes...
attachment or entrapment. It can be applied to basically all types of biocatalysis including enzymes, cellular organelles, animal and plant cells and organs...
research focuses on natural product biosynthesis, pathway engineering and biocatalysis. His lab developed new methods for engineering complex NRPS enzymes that...
ISBN 9781461585329. Bommarius, Andreas S.; Riebel-Bommarius, Bettina R. (2007), Biocatalysis: Fundamentals and Applications, John Wiley and Sons, p. 30, ISBN 9783527606054...
Amides". In Faber, Kurt; Fessner, Wolf-Dieter; Turner, Nicholas J. (eds.). Biocatalysis in Organic Synthesis 1. Science of Synthesis. Georg Thieme Verlag. pp...
peer-reviewed scientific journal covering heterogeneous, homogeneous, and biocatalysis. It is published by Wiley-VCH on behalf of Chemistry Europe. According...
October 2017). "Nematicidal action of Pleurotus eryngii metabolites". Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology. 12: 216–219. doi:10.1016/j.bcab.2017...
and other artificial intelligence methods. The University of Minnesota Biocatalysis and Biodegradation Database (UM-BBD), which contains information on microbial...
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