Zygmunt August and Barbara Giżanka, Tadeusz Popiel, 1901, oil on canvas.Zygmunt August and Barbara Giżanka, Maurycy Gottlieb, c. 1874
Barbara Giza (Polish: Barbara Gizanka; c. 1550 – May 1589),[1] was a mistress of King Sigismund II Augustus of Poland during 1570–72.[2] She was a daughter of a Warsaw
burgher Jan Giza, a merchant and usurer, and his wife Anna, whose origins are unknown.[3]
Barbara was a Protestant, and she is sometimes given credit for influencing the King towards religious tolerance of Protestants.[4]
Near the end of King Sigismund II Augustus' life, after the death of his wife, he expressed a desire to marry Barbara with the hope of producing an heir. However, he died before a marriage could take place.[2]
^Lukowski, Jerzy; Zawadzki, W. H. (2006-07-06). A Concise History of Poland. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-85332-3.
^ abBain, R. Nisbet (2013-06-13). Slavonic Europe: A Political History of Poland and Russia from 1447 to 1796. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1-107-63691-0.
^ECE. C. Schlacks, Jr. 1993.
^Oeser, Christian (1842). Weltgeschichte für Töchterschulen und zum Privatunterricht: mit besonderer Weziehung aus das weibliche Geschlecht (in German). W. Einhorn.
BarbaraGiza (Polish: Barbara Gizanka; c. 1550 – May 1589), was a mistress of King Sigismund II Augustus of Poland during 1570–72. She was a daughter...
most famous Egyptian pyramids are those found at Giza, on the outskirts of Cairo. Several of the Giza pyramids are counted among the largest structures...
this by adultery with two of the most beautiful of his countrywomen, BarbaraGiza and Anna Zajączkowska but was unable to impregnate either of them. The...
pseudoscientific speculations regarding pyramids, most often the Giza pyramid complex and the Great Pyramid of Giza in Egypt. Some "pyramidologists" also concern themselves...
Casablanca, Morocco Flag of El Matareya, Egypt Flag of Fes, Morocco Flag of Giza, Egypt Flag of Harare, Zimbabwe Flag of Hargeisa, Somaliland Flag of Ismailia...
population of over 22.1 million. Cairo is associated with ancient Egypt, as the Giza pyramid complex and the ancient cities of Memphis and Heliopolis are located...
Church (Giza) St. Mark Coptic Orthodox Church (Giza) St. George Coptic Orthodox Church (Agouza, Giza) St. George Coptic Orthodox Church (AlHaram, Giza) St...
notable individuals such as the king represented in the Great Sphinx of Giza, native Egyptian pharaoh Tutankhamun, Egyptian Queen Tiye, and Greek Ptolemaic...
mystery novels and one non-fiction companion volume written by Egyptologist Barbara Mertz (1927–2013) under the pen name Elizabeth Peters. The series is centered...
Ghazal statues, c. 7000 BC, found in Ain Ghazal, Jordan Great Sphinx of Giza, c. 2558–2532 BC, the largest monolithic statue in the world, standing 73...
wonder, after the Mausoleum at Halicarnassus and the extant Great Pyramid of Giza, surviving in part until 1480, when the last of its remnant stones were used...
the world, though still just over half the height of the Great Pyramid of Giza (146 metres). The second phase also saw the construction of an altar atop...
after the marriage broke down she went to live in Nazlat al-Samman near the Giza pyramids, where she met the Egyptian archaeologist Selim Hassan of the Department...
6-metre (143 ft) vessel sealed into a pit in the Giza pyramid complex at the foot of the Great Pyramid of Giza in the Fourth Dynasty around 2500 BC, is a full-size...
Carthage, India's Laxmi Vilas Palace, the Egyptian pyramids and Great Sphinx of Giza, and the Amman Citadel. At least sixteen of Yanni's albums have peaked at...
fashion choices, where a photo opportunity in front of the Great Sphinx of Giza was seen as exploitive and a pith helmet she wore in Kenya was criticized...
Nibiru would arrive. He also based his predictions on the geometry of the Giza Pyramids. Meade initially predicted that Nibiru would arrive in October 2017...
percentages and patterns are not supported by the data. The Great Pyramid of Giza (also known as the Pyramid of Cheops or Khufu) has been analyzed by pyramidologists...
of the people who built the pyramids", referring to the Great Pyramid of Giza. Some local residents later remembered that as school children they had field...
surrounding plain, which is significantly shorter than the Great Pyramid of Giza's height of 146.6 metres (481 ft), but much wider, measuring 300 by 315 metres...
Memorial. Mausoleums and tombs to honor the dead, e.g., the Great Pyramid of Giza, Libyco-Punic Mausoleum of Dougga and Taj Mahal. Monoliths erected for religious...
rate of growth and a larger litter size. The Giza White improved and replaced the Giza rabbit (El-Giza El-Mohassan). The Gotland rabbit is a Swedish...
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