38.5 million in India (2011)[1][2][3] 500,000 in Nepal (2011)[citation needed]
Language family
Indo-European
Indo-Iranian
Indo-Aryan
Central Zone
Eastern Hindi
Awadhi
Early forms
Ardhamagadhi Prakrit
Ardhamagadhi Apabhraṃśa
Dialects
Pardesi
Gangapari
Uttari
Fiji Hindi
Caribbean Hindustani
Writing system
Devanagari (current)
Kaithi (historical)
Perso-Arabic
Latin-Roman
Official status
Official language in
Fiji (as Fiji Hindi)
Language codes
ISO 639-2
awa
ISO 639-3
awa
Glottolog
awad1243
Linguasphere
59-AAF-ra
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Awadhi (Hindi pronunciation:[əʋ.d̪ʱi]; Devanagari: अवधी, Kaithi: 𑂃𑂫𑂡𑂲), also known as Audhi[4] (औधी, 𑂌𑂡𑂲), is an Indo-Aryan language spoken in the Awadh region of Uttar Pradesh in northern India and in Terai region of western Nepal.[5][6][7] The name Awadh is connected to Ayodhya, the ancient city, which is regarded as the homeland of the Hindu god Rama. It was, along with Braj, used widely as a literary vehicle before being displaced by Hindi in the 19th century.[8]
It is regarded by the Indian government to be a dialect of Hindi, and the area where Awadhi is spoken to be a part of the Hindi-language area owing to their cultural proximity, meanwhile Standard Hindi also serves as the lingua franca[9] of the region. As a result, Hindi, rather than Awadhi, is used for school instruction as well as administrative and official purposes; and its literature falls within the scope of Hindi literature.[10] Some of the most culturally significant works in Indian literature like the Ramcharitmanas have been written in Awadhi.
Alternative names of Awadhi include Baiswāri (after the subregion of Baiswara),[11] as well as the sometimes ambiguous Pūrbī, literally meaning "eastern", and Kōsalī (named after the ancient Kosala Kingdom).[6]
^"The Slow Death of Awadhi and Bhojpuri".
^"Omniglot — Awadhi (अवधी)".
^"'Awadhi language is grouped as mother tongue under Hindi' says Minister of State for Home Affairs".
^Oldenburg, Veena Talwar. The Making of Colonial Lucknow, 1856–1877. Princeton University Press. p. 5.
^Meaning, Nepali (12 August 2023). "Origin, Structure, Development, and Situation of Awadhi Language in Nepal - Nepali Meaning". nepalimeaning.com. Retrieved 4 February 2024.
^ abSaxena (1971:1)
^Grierson (1904:1)
^Saxena (1971:6)
^Kawoosa, Vijdan Mohammad (22 November 2018). "How languages intersect in India". Hindustan Times. Archived from the original on 15 October 2022.
^Masica (1993:9)- A vast central portion of the subcontinent, consisting of the Indian states of Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Haryana, and Himachal Pradesh, plus the Union Territory of Delhi, is known as the "HINDI area", because the official and general written language, that is to say, that of administration, press, school instruction, and modern literature, is Hindi, sometimes called MODERN STANDARD HINDI, and the whole area is heir to the "Hindi literary tradition" – Hindi being used here in a different and wider sense, to refer to pre-modern literature in Braj and Awadhi, and often to those languages proper to Rajasthan and Bihar as well
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Global Information
Fiji (as Fiji Hindi)
